Are there sex differences in the incidence and severity of cluster headaches?

Assessed by questionnaire (n=874, 34% female), females were more likely to be diagnosed with chronic cluster headache (P=0.0002), and report longer durations of cluster headaches (P=0.003), and females were more likely to have a family history of cluster headache (15% vs 7%, P=0.0002).
Lack of sleep was a cluster headache trigger more often for women (31% vs 20%, P=0.001). Alcohol was more common in men (54% vs 46%, P=0.02).
Understanding of sex differences in the incidence and severity of cluster headaches is complicated by conflicting past studies. Based on this data, the authors concluded that there are, in fact, significant sex differences with females typically more adversely affected.